It's another part of the organic chemistry we have learned in chapter 23. Alkenes and Alkynes are double bonds and triple bonds respectively. The carbon can form bouble and triple bonds with Carbon atoms. When multiple bonds form fewer hydrogens are attached to the Carbon atom.
The naming rules are almost the same as the Alkanes: the postion of the double or triple bonds always has the lowest number and is put in front of the parent chain.
ALKENES
Hydrocarbons with one or more double bonds located between carbon atoms leading to an "unsaturated" hydrocarbon. The ending of a formula is changed from -ane to -ene (for alkenes).
The naming rules are almost the same as the Alkanes: the postion of the double or triple bonds always has the lowest number and is put in front of the parent chain.
ALKENES
Hydrocarbons with one or more double bonds located between carbon atoms leading to an "unsaturated" hydrocarbon. The ending of a formula is changed from -ane to -ene (for alkenes).
GEOMETRIC ISOMERS : we give the double bonds formula each a different name based on their geometry.
Example:
 |
| Cis-2-butene |
 |
| trans-2-butene |
ALKYNES: hydrocarbons with one or more triple bonds located between carbon atoms leading to an "unsatrated" hydrocarbon.
Naming: the ending is changed fron -ane to -yne for alkynes.
Example:
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